Electrical signaling system.



J. P, SAUBR.

ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APB.10.'1906.

904,01 8. Patented Nov. 17, 1908. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. P. SA-UER. ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED APR.10. 1906. 904,01 8. Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2. Z?

I J. PISAUER, ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10. 1906.

Patented Nov. 17,1908.

iue/

. 4 SHBETS SHEET 8.

J. P. SAUER. ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10. 1906.

w 9m 12 H 7B n T Wu Nu d4 .m m a P JOSEPH P. SA UER, OF 'ilEAlON, ILLINOIS I ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

Application fi led April 10, 1906. Serial No. 310,944.

To all whom' it may concern;

.Be it known that I, J osnrn P. Sauna, a

citizen ,ofthe United States, residing at VVheaton, in the' county of Dn'page and l State oflll'mols, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Signalin-g Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in electric signahng systems, andrefers more particularly to a system adapted for signaling forxeither steam, electric or other ra.il-, ways.

' Among the salient objects of the invention are .to provide a system especially suitable for use in connection with electric currents of high tension, the circuits and anagnets bein so arr-armed and desi ned as to ohviatediflicnlties due to arcing and other ob-- jectionable'feature's likely to accompany thethe mechanically actuated contact devices.

whereby the signaling system is controlled; and in general to provide improvei'nents in a system of the character referred to.

To the above ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims;

T he invention will be readily understood from the following description. reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in wh1'ch I Figure 1 is a plan view of the-non-arcing relay forming-one feature of the invention;

the relay being shown as inclosed in a casmg, the cover of which 1s removed; Fig. 2

is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig.

1, lookingin the direction ofthe arrows and showing the relay in side eievation; Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the relay removed from the casing and looking at the armature end' thereof ;1 Fig. 4: is a sectional detail of one of the fixed contacts of the relay; Fig. 5 is a further detail of the same taken on line of Fig. 4:; Fig. (3 is a plan view of the non-arcing ringer or'bell; the cover or top :asing and gong being removed; Fig. 7 sectional view taken on the plane indicated by line T-T of Fig. 6 in so far as the casing and gong are concerned but showing the bell magnet and operative mechanism thereof in side elevation; Fig. 8 is an end elevation of the ringer magnet'looking at the armatureend thereof; Fig; 9'is a sectional detail of one end of the striker; Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view showing the electrical connections of one embodiment of the invention wherein it is shown as used in conjunction with a third rail electric railway and on double tracks each traversed one way only; Fig. 11 is another diag ammatic'viewshow ing 7 the application or the invention to a single track overhead trolley road, traversed in both directions; Fig. 12 is a detail of an overhead trolley contact device used in conjunction with the system but forming no part of the present invention.

First describing the several 'mechanical devices used in connection withth'e systen and referring to Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, 1 designates as a whole a suitable weatherproof casing, desirably provided with a re movable top or cover plate 2, and within which casing is arranged a non-arcing relay designated as a whole comprises a suitable heel-piece at upon which are mounted the magnet spools 5 and 6, a. yoke plate 7 mounted fiatwise upon the pole .piece ends of thespools and surrounding the cores indicated in dotted lines atv 8' of the spools,-a"flat pole piece 9 lylng immediately outside and against the yoke plate 7, and an armature, designated as a whole 10, which takes the form of a plate-like member having outturned pivot trunnions 11 which engage corresponding pivot apertures 12 in ears form'ed integrally'with the yoke piece.

The yoke piece is, as usual, 'of brass or other non-magnetic metal. The arn-xature 10 car-' ries at its swinging edge a pair of carbon contacts 13, which are spring supported upon, the armature; a bow spring 1% being to this endrigidly connected with the central part of the side'of the armature by means of a screw 15 and suitably insulated from the armature by means of the usual is a- This relay bushing and insulating washers 17 and 18.

In order topermit the contact devices 13 to close circuit while the armature is still relatively d stant from the pole piece, the spring 114 is made comparatively weak, and a reinforcing spring 13 is'arranged along side of the spring 14 which comes into actipn and is brought under tension when ,the armature has nearly reached its limit of closing movement, thereby insuring a more reliable contact than would be produced by the weaker spring 14 alone. The springs 14 and 19 are mounted upon the same supports and may be considered as a single leaf spring.

Cooperating carbon'contacts 20, 20, are mounted in position to'engage the contacts.

' 13; in the improved construction s'hown these contacts 20 being 'adjustably mounted upon'slotted ears or arms 21 formed integrally with the..yoke plate 7. .Each contact 'device20 comprises an adjustable plate .22 adjustably mounted upon the corresponding ear 21 by'means of a screw 23 and insulated therefrom by a bushlng' and washer 24 and 25; the plate 22 being forme'd'to provide a socket 22 within which the carbon block 20 I is seated, 'as shown clearly in detail Figs. 4 and 5.

A limiting stop is provided for arresting the armature in its movement away from' the pole pieces; this stop mechanism comprising a bent arm 26 secured to the central part of the yoke plate between the spbols,

. eXt-endingthence out around the edge of the yoke and armature and returned opposite the latter (see Fig. 2), and carrying at its. ,end an adjusting stop screw 27, the end of which directly impinges against the armature.

The relay is conveniently supported in fixed relation in the casing by-means of a pair of screws'28 inserted through the ca sing and threaded into-the "heel ieces. In this connection it 'is' to be noted t at the re lay maybe removed bodily from the casing Without disturbing any-of the electrical co nections by simply removing the two scre 's 28. It is further to be notedthat in use the relay will be used in theposit-ion indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, c. 'with the armature end of the relay downward so. that the armature falls into open circuit-position by gravity.

Describing now t 1e ringer, and referring to Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, 29 designates as a whole a suitable weatherproof casing desirably provided with a removable plate-like cover 30, the-central portion of which is outwardly convex and serves as a support upon which is rigidly mounted a gong 31. Inside of the casing is arranged the ringer magnet and mechanism, comprising a plate-like heel piece 32 fixedly secured to the end wall of the casing, a pair of magnetspools 33, 'a plate-like yoke 34, a pole piece 35 mounted upon the ends of the cores of the magnet which project through the yoke, and apiate like armature 36. The armature 36 is provided at two of 5 its corners with pivot trunnions 37 which engage diagonally disposed pivot slo 38 formed in ears 39 integral with the yoke 34. 1

Connected with the central ortion of that! side of the armature remote tom the pivots is the striker 40 which desirably has thej form of a straight rod carrying at its outer end an enlarged head 41 which is adjustably threaded upon the rod-like body 40, as indicated at 42. The striker has'a spring connecti n with the armature permitting it to rebound instantly after encountering the gong and before the armature is released, thereby insuring clear ringing. To'this end the attached end of the striker rod has a reduced neck portion 43 working through an aperture in the armature, and between the head 44 upon the endbf this reduced portion and the armature is interposed a plate spring 45 (see Figs. 7 and 8) -which effects the rebound of the striker, as described. I

The armature is forced into open'position by means of a coil contractile spring 46. having one end ;connected with an extension .47 of the armature and its opposite end connected with an adjusting link 48 extended "through a suitable aperture in the casing and held in adjusted position by means of a nut 49. In order to limit the throw of the armature, the stop arm 50 is connected with the central part of the yoke plate, carried .thence out around the edge of the armature and cushions and the pivot trunnions travel in the slots 38. The object of this peculiar arrangement is to insure a stronger initial closingmovementzof the armature b v bringing the heel of the armature and pole piece almost or quite into contact with cach'other; the cushions ne ."ertheless acting effectively to prevent sticking of the armature and 1l1S1"B its prompt return.

'lne nnportant charau'rt'eristic of this ringer is that its armature is actuated without at any time opening the electric circuit, and thus sparking or arch-1g is avoided. This is accomplished by shunting out the magnet each time the armature closes. as

- distinguished from opening the circuit by the closing of the armature. Obviously th armature itself 1s the most suitable member yieldably member it is desirable that it be cushioned in its closing movement so as to prevent unnecessary and destructive pounding, and accordingly one of the important features of the present invention resides in providing closing contacts which permit the armature to continue its "movement the action of inertia or momentum, after the contacts have actually come together and the circuit been thereby shunted and the magnet dee'nergiied. In carrying out this feature of the invention lfmount one.contact 53 on a spring 54 carried by the armature and a cooperative contact. 55 upon a -V- spring 56 carried by an'extensiqn 57 of the, yoke 34. The engaging parts of the contact devices 53 and. are desirably carbon blocks, and the relative disposition of the springs 54 and .56 is such that these carbon bodies have a slight rubbing movement upon each other after they are brought together' and during the further movement of the armature. The yieldability ofthe contacts secures the advantage hereinbefore described, andthe rubbing movement insures a m'oreperfect electrical contact than would ensue if the contacting points were brought squarely together without rubbing movement.

T Binding posts 57 and 58 are mounted upon the exterior of the casing for connection with the leading-in wire and magnet; one

"ofthese binding posts being insulated and,

the other directly connected with frame.

Describing now the circuits. forming one feature of the invention, and referringfirst to diagrammatic Fig. .10, two of the nonarcing relays hereinbefore described are des- 'igna'ted by the letters A and A, and one of the ringers by the letter B; these instruments being shown d1agrammatically. a, a

designate one pair of track rails which are -to be traversed by the car from right to left as indicated by the arrow, and b, I), a second pair of tracl; rails which areltraversed in the reverse direction.

C designates as a whole any suitable source of electric current, the,'diagram indicating conventionally a dynamo, one side of which is grounded, as indicated at 59.

(S0 and G1 designate conductors extending along the respective tracks, which conductors may be third rails, and the generator C is .-connected with each of these conductors by means of leads (S2 and G3. The arrangement shown-inthis figure is one in which the signaldex'ice 'B (the ringer in this instance, be any other suitable form of an'nunciator) is located in the middle of under the block and is common to both t 'acks. The

relays Aand -A' which control said annunciator are also conveniently located near the ringer.

Means are provided for closing a circuit and'setting the ringer into operation whenever a. car enters the block at either end, and for continuing this operation until the car has reached a point substantially opposite the ringer or near the middle 'of the'block, at which point the ringer is again thrown out of operation: such an arrangement beingwell suited for guarding a crossing.

Describing'now the circuits and mechanism for effecting this operation, at: the entrance point. of, each block is l ocated a mechanically actuated circuit closing device adapted to be moved to close' the circuit by the engagement therewith of one of .the track wheels of the approaching ca'r;these instruments being designated as a whole D and E, respectively. Similarly constructed cut-out instruments F and G, respectively, are located along the respective tracks at about the middle of the block. Each of said track instruments comprises a main lever 64': pivoted at one end, as indicated at 65, to a suitable support, and having its upper surface normally projecting slightly above the tread surface of the adjacent track rail, the contacting surfaces of these mainlevers being inclined upwardly and forwardly so that as the car wheels traverseover the lever it will be gradually depressed and not struck too abrupt a blow. The moving end of the lever E engages a second contact lever 66 we pivoted between its ends, as indicated at 67, and carrying at its opposite end a contact device (58; the cooperative arrangement of the two lev ers being such that the movement of the end of lever 64 is multiplied at the end of lever 66. The levers (SG'are normally held retracted by means of cont 'actile springs (39. Upon a suitable insulating, support in proper relation to the contacts 08 of the several levers (it; are mounted fixed contacts 70. The contacts Uh of the iustru-.- ments E and G are electrically connected by. means of conductors 71 with the third rail (51 and the contacts device 70 of the instru ments 1 and 'D are electrically connected 1.15 with the third rail (30.

From the contact device 70 of instrument E a conductor 72 leads to the contact device 20 of relay A, thence through the windings of the relay, thence through a rclativctv small resistance 73, and from there to and through a higher resistance, preferably consisting ,of a seriesof lamps 74. From a point beyond the resistance H a conductor 75 leads to the binding post 57 of the ringer.

from which binding post a. conductor 74) ground at 78. An alternative electric path leads from the binding post 57 to the back contact ot the ringer, from the latter to the movln'g contact 53. and trom the latter.

which is connected to frame, to the bindby the passage of a car, the ari'nature of relay A moves into closed position and in so doing closes :a holding circuit from the third rail 60 over conductor 7 9 through contact 20, and the armature of the relay to contact 20, and thence through the 'windings' of the relay and to ground beyond the bell as hereinbefore traced.

When the car wheel encounters track instrument G and closes the latter a circuit is established which short circuits or robs relay A ofcurrent, and permits it to return to its denergized position. This circuit is from contact 7 0 of instrument G over a conductor to a point on conductor 72 between the rail A and the main resistance 74. Bearing in mind that'the holding circuit through conductor 7 9 is maintaining relay A closed, it will be obvious that when the circuitover conductor 80 is established as last described the potential on. opposite side's of said relay A Will 'be practically equalized, thereby .per-

mitting the armature of the latter to drop back without sparking orv arcing as its armature leaves the back contacts,

In a precisely similar manner the relay A is connected with the track instrument I) by means of a conductor 81 which leads to and through the relay, thence through the relatively small resistance 73, thence to and through a high resistance 74, and thence to "and through the ringer B. The conductor 79 connects witlrthe. contact 20 of relay A, thus serving as a common holding circuit for both relays. The short circuiting or cut-out track instrument F is connected with conductor '81 by a conductor 62 in a manner corresponding precisely to the relays between conductors 80 and 72.

It will be noted that both of the relays A and A? and the ringer B are actuated and perform their functions without atany time tending to spam or create arcs between their contacts, and this will be true even though the potential used is extremelvhigh.

Describing nowthe application of the invention to an overhead tro ley system,- and referring to 'Fig. 11, A and B designate,

respectively, the relays and ringer, C a gen-. The contact devices H 7 connected by'means of conductors 102 and 130 crater or other suitable source of current],

sulating bushing 97 and c, a, track rails of a track that would be traversed in both directions by cars.

H designates as a whole a contact device which may advantageously be used for closing the circuit between conductors-pertaining to the signaling system. Describing said instrument, 83 designates a .yoke connected between the ends of the cross supporting wires 84:, and, as usual, .insulated from the latter by means ing links 85. The central portion of the yoke 83 is provided with a vertical socket 86 within which is arranged to reciprocate a headed plunger 87, the lower end of which is clamped upon the supports the latter. In the upper end of the socket 8G is seated an insulating block 89, and in this block is movably seated a secondary plunger or contact device 90, the

lower end of which depends below the block 89 inposition to be engaged by the head of the plunger 87 when the latter is raised.

' The upper end of the contact device 90 rests in engagement with a contact strip 91 which is mounted upon, an insulating disk 92 in- 90 closed in a cap 93 threaded upon' the upper part of the hanger. Theconnecting conduct-or leads in through the side oft-he cap 93 and is attached to contact strip 91; in-

sulate the leading in conductor from the cap. In the diagrammatic Fig. 11 these contact devices are again designated H, but in said View the cross wires which support them are omitted in order showing of the circuits. It is to be under.- stood, however, that they will be arranged in substantially the same manner as the usual cross wire supports, but will be tensioned less tightly than the main supporting cross 105 wires, so that the trolley wire may sag slightly at the po" its n-here they are ap plied and thus nornn y hold the plungers 87 and 90 out of cont 0 with each other. As the trolley wheel tr, contact device, and thus raises the trolley wire, the circuit will be closed between the plungers 87 and 90.

Describing now the circuits, fromthe contact devices H, H, at the remote ends of the 115 signal block lead conductors 95 and 96 which meet at a point 97 and there connect with a conductor 98' common to both. The c011- I ductor 98 leads to a point 99 atwhich two branches 100 and 101 lead respectively to 120 and 'through the relay A and to and through the ringer B". The contact devices H first closed by a car entering the block in either direction are in fact the cut-out'cont acts and serve only momentarily to ener 1125 gize the ringer while the relay is not energized at all because a circuit is not completed therethrough, as will hereinafter appear. next encountered are the trolley Wire and the 70 of insulat- 5 trolley wire 88 and thus 80 being arranged to in- 95 to avoid confusing the 100 verses along under each 103, respectively, with a common conductor 104 which leads to thecontact device 5200f the relay, and,then ce through the windings ofithe relay to a small resistance 105 and from the latter through a high resistance 106 (preferably a series of lamps) and to the binding post 57 of the ringer. From thence.

the circuit is through the ring er, as described in connection with the diagram shown Fig. 10.; The contact device of the relay is permanentlyconnected with the trolley wire by means of a conductor 107 'which forms the holding circuit conductor,

corresponding to that designated 79 in the previous diagram.

From a contact device H located midlength of the block a conductor 10S leads to and is connected with the conductors extending between the relay and ringer, as indicated at 99. This conductor completes a circuit which short circuits the relay and allows the latter to open, thus-stopping the operation of the ringer as' the car reaches the mid- -dle portion of the block when passing in either direction.

A complete. cycle of operations brought about by the ipa'ssage'voit' the car over the track in either direction will be as follows:

W'henthe car encounters the first contact de' Vice H, a circuit will be established from ground at the generator through the latter, the trolley wire and ,thence to ground through the ringer, which will cause the ringer to operate only aslong as the contact device'H is held closed by the trolley wheel, and this .will obviously be but momentarily if the car is progressing. Upon arriving at the contact device H, a circuit will be closed through the relay momentarily, and the holding circuit through conductor 10? will now come into operation and maintain the relay closed and maintain the bell in operation until the contact device H located near the center of the block is closed. .l.hereupon the conductors 107 and 108 being both in circuit with the trolley wire the potential on the two sides of the relay will be substanti'ally equalized and the relay will-open, thus interrupting the operation of the bell as soon as the contact device H opens. Then the trolley wheel closes the contact between the contact device H and the trolley in passing out of the block, the relay will be again closed and the bell will'continue to operate until the trolley wheel closes the contact at H in passing out of the block. The closing of the last mentioned contact will again equalize thepotentialon the two sides of the relay, thus-opening the latter. and arresting the operation of the bell as the contact device H opens. It is to be noted in this conneat-ion that when the relay .is in circuit through: both conductors 107. and 95, as it 'will be mormantarily, the -flow of current thronghthe-relay will be reduced in-the proportion that the total resistance of the lamps 105, the windings of the relay and the conductor 107 bear to the resistance of conductor 95 alone. This condition so robs the flow of current through the relay as to amount to practically short circuiting it.

I claim as my invention:

.1. In an electric system, the combination of a controlling relay, a second electrically actuated instrument controlled by said relay, a source of electric current, means for establishing a temporary circuit through the relay, means for establishing a holdingcircuit through the relay and supplying current to said second instrument, and means for establishing a'circuit operating to neutralize the armature holding-induction of the relay to etleet the opening of the latter without accompanying disruptive discharge.

2. In an electric system, the combination of a controlling relay, a second electrically actuated instrument controlled by said relay, a source of electric current, a'mechanically actuated contact device and associated means for establishing a temporary circuit through the relay, means for establishing a holding circuit through the relay and through said second instrument, and a mechanically actuated contactdevice and associated means for establishing a circuit operating to neu tralicce the armature holding induction of the relay to cll'cct the opening of the latter without disruptive discharge and interru 'iting the operation of said second instrument.

- 3.111 an electric system, the combination with a length of railway track and a source of current arranged along said track, of a controlling relay, an electrically actuated annunciator controlled by said relay, a me chanically actuated traclr' instrument and' associated conductors for e; tablishing a temporary circuit through the relay, means for establishing a holding cirguit through the relay and said annunciator upon the closing oi the relay, and a second ltraek, instrument and associated conductors-tor estallilishinga circuit operating to neutralize the armature holding induction ofthe relay to eitect the interrijlption of said holding circuit without disruptive discharge,

a. In an electric system, the combination oi a length o'l track and an energized supply 'coiuluctor extending along said track, of a controlling relay, an annunciator in series with said relay, a mechanically actuated nornnilly'opcn track instrument and associated conductors for establishing a temporary circuit through said relay, a holding circuit conductor connected with said suoply conductor, contacts controlled by the armature 1 of the relay for establishing a holding circuit through the latter and'said holding circuit conductor upon the closing of the-relay, a second normally open mechanically actuated track instrument, and a conductor lead;

ingthence to and 'con nectingfwiththe holding circuitat a point between the relay and annunciator and operating when closed to i vneutralize the armature holding induction of the relay. 5. In an "by the passage of a car, a conductor leading from-said track instrument to and throughsaid relay and thence'toground, a,h0lding" circuit conductor permanently connected with said supply conductor, a normally open contact associated with saidrelay and. connected with vsaid holding circuit conductor, means operable by the armature of the relay for establishinga holding circuit through said holding circuit conductor and the relay, -,-a second track instrument, and a shunting conductor connecting said latter instrument instrument-1' to a common conductor and; thence through-the relay, thence through the v annunciator and to ground, a pair of nor.

and a part of the holding-circuit to substantially short circuit the relay.

.6. In an electric system, the vcorn'bination of a length oftrack and anenergized supply conductor extending along saidtrack, of; a controlling relay, a pair of contacts and an armature adapted to bridge or connect; said contacts associated with said relay, an an- IlllIlClfitOI' in series with sand relay, a ground connection electrically beyond the relay and annunciator, a normally open mechanically.

"actuated .track' instrument adapted, tobe closed by the passage of a car over the track, a conductor extending from said track in- 'strument; to one of said relay contacts and thence through the. relawindings fortenr' iporarily energizing the atter, a holdingcircuit conductor permanently connected .with said-supply conductor and extending-thence v 'to and onnected with the second of said relay con acta-whereby a holding circuit is es- ,tablished through the relay when thelatterv cl0ses,' a second normally open track'instrument, and a conductor extending from said 'latterinstrument to and connected with the holding circuit at a point between the relay and ground.

7. Inan electric system, the combination with a length of track and an energized supply conductor extending'along said track, of 55.. a. block signaling system comprising a controlling relay,"'an annunciator, a mechanically actuated normally open track instr,u-'

ment located'near the entrance to said block, a conductor connected with said track mstru- 'ment leading thence to and throug'lrthe relay, and thence to and thr'ough the annunciator and thence to'ground, a resistance interposed between the-relay and-annunciaTtor; a holding circuitconductor connected with said supply. conductorand with a normally electric system, the combination of a length of track and an energized supply a able thereby, a pair-ofrelatively 'stationaa be connected with-the source of, y and open contact associated withgihdfrelay, a

bridging conductor moving iwith thearma ture of the relay and adaptedlto extendthe. circuit iiromthe holding ci-rcurt -contact to and t rough the relay windings, a second norma ly .openfmechanic'ally actuated in.- strument located intermediate thelen'gth of the block, and a conductor connected with the latter instrument and 'e'xteli n I thence to and connectedwith-the circuit. conductor extending between the relay .ancl 'l'annunci-i ator at a point"between.,tlie 'relay andthe main resistance in said circuitg 8'. The combinationwith a railviananda length of energized supply; conductor exgso tending along said railway, ofa' b k -sig-'- naling system comprising acontrolli relay,

an annunciator,.two longitudinally separated track instruments located near eachi'other at each end-of said block system, the inner one ofeach pairgof said instruments constitut-f 1 ing a cut-in instrument and'the outeroneioffl each pair constituting a cutout instrument, out-in conductorsleading from each cut-in mal-ly open contactsand'a bridging condu; tor vassociated with the armature" of said relay, a holding circuit conductor permanently 195 connected tofthe supply conductor and to one of said normally open contacts whereby upon the closing of the relay a holding circuit is] established through the, latter,- c'ut-out 'oonductors connected with each f )f tl1e cutout instruments and extending thence "to and connected with, each othexa and a. common conductor connecting the'cutwutc'onductors through the- H between said latter inst uments.

' IS). A non-arcing relay'and circuit'therefor comprising. a magnet co 1, an'armature oper contaqts,' .a supplyconductor-connected-wi f one of said contacts and' -'-:leadi ng thence through the windings of *tlie-coii, a return circuit conductor connected with the opposite side of the coil,- ,a second supply'conductora connected with the other of said contacts, a lllfibridgin conductor moving with the armature of the magnet and operaiing to close-the .c'ircuit between said reltti ely stationary contacts when the-armatureis in closed 'pos'i 'tion, a short'circu ting-conductorada ted to with the return circuiticonducton- 'mea fi for closing and lopening the circuit'thl'oug' said shortcircuiting conductor. I I 10. Anon-arcing relay-and.circuittherefol comprising a magnetcoil, an armature opeli: able thereby, a relativelystatidnaryfcontact, a. supply conductor connected fiithjsaid'zoon,

of: the coiL 23 return c&euifizionductor! con-i 1 8o nected with the opposite side of the coil, 5, for closing and opening the circuit through second supply conductor, means controlled said first supply conductor and through said by the armature for electrically connecting short circuiting conductor.

said second supply conductor with said con-. JOSEPH P. SAUER. tact,a short circuiting conductor ada ted to Witnesses: be connected with the source of supp y and r EMILIE ROSE,

with the return circuit conductor, and means ALBERT H. GRAVES. 

